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Turkish Airlines

ICAO: THY IATA: TK Active as of Jan 30, 2026

Airline Statistics

997

Active Routes

24531

Flight Observations

298

Unique Destinations

296

Origin Airports

1690

Avg Route Distance (mi)

7085

Longest Route (mi)

0

Domestic Routes

100

International Routes

About Turkish Airlines

Turkish Airlines (ICAO: THY) is the flag carrier of Turkey, with a rich history and an extensive global network.

Turkish Airlines was founded on May 20, 1933, initially known as Turkish State Airlines (Devlet Hava Yolları) as a department of the Ministry of National Defense. In its early years, the airline focused primarily on domestic routes, operating with a modest fleet of five aircraft. The company was reorganized in 1956 and officially renamed Türk Hava Yolları A.O. (Turkish Airlines), subsequently joining the International Air Transport Association (IATA). Over the decades, it has grown from a domestic carrier into a major international player.

The airline's main hub and operational base is Istanbul Airport (IST), strategically located to connect Europe, Asia, and Africa. Turkish Airlines also utilizes secondary hubs at Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen International Airport, Esenboga International Airport in Ankara, and Adnan Menderes International Airport in Izmir. As of September 2025, Turkish Airlines operates a diverse fleet of 388 Airbus and Boeing aircraft, including models such as the Airbus A319, A320, A321, A321neo, A330 (various series), A350-900, and Boeing 737 (various series), 777F, 777-300ER, and 787-9 Dreamliner.

Turkish Airlines boasts an expansive route network, serving 352 destinations globally, including cargo, across Europe, Asia, Oceania, Africa, and the Americas. It holds the distinction of flying to more countries (131) than any other airline in the world. The airline is a proud member of the Star Alliance, having joined in April 2008. Turkish Airlines primarily offers two cabin classes: Business Class and Economy Class. Notable services in Business Class on long-haul flights include lie-flat seats, in-chair massage, award-winning cuisine often prepared by "flying chefs," noise-canceling headphones, and complimentary Wi-Fi. Economy Class provides comfortable seating with generous legroom, a comprehensive meal service, and in-flight entertainment systems, along with amenity kits on international long-haul flights.

Traveler Reviews

Recent traveler reviews for Turkish Airlines reflect a mixed, but generally positive, sentiment, particularly regarding its in-flight services, though operational aspects at its main hub can draw criticism.

What Travelers Love:

  • Excellent Catering: Passengers frequently praise the quality and presentation of the food, often highlighting the world-class cuisine and in-flight chefs, which are considered superior to many other airlines.
  • Attentive Cabin Crew: The cabin staff are often described as kind, amicable, professional, and providing friendly hospitality, even when managing challenging situations.
  • Extensive Network and Connectivity: Travelers appreciate Turkish Airlines' vast global network, which allows connections to more countries than any other airline from its Istanbul hub.
  • Business Class Comfort and Amenities: Business Class is highly rated for its lie-flat seats, spacious legroom, and additional comforts like in-chair massage and complimentary Wi-Fi, making long-haul flights enjoyable.

Common Complaints:

  • Istanbul Airport (IST) Experience: A significant number of travelers report negative experiences at Istanbul Airport, citing overcrowding, a confusing layout, poor service culture from ground staff, and frequent delays, which can be particularly stressful for connecting flights.
  • Customer Service Issues: Passengers have reported difficulties with Turkish Airlines' customer service department, including challenges in contacting the airline, unhelpful staff, and issues with flight changes or cancellations without adequate notice.
  • Inconsistent In-Flight Entertainment (IFE): While generally good, some travelers have encountered unreliable or older in-flight entertainment systems with defective screens or cumbersome interfaces on certain aircraft.
  • Restrictive Economy Seating: On some flights, particularly in economy class, the seat pitch and legroom can be restrictive, leading to limited personal space.

Overall, traveler sentiment suggests that Turkish Airlines excels in its core in-flight product, particularly with its catering and cabin service, which often provides a premium experience. However, the airport experience at its main hub and aspects of ground customer service are areas that frequently lead to passenger frustration and can detract from the overall journey.

Safety Information

Turkish Airlines maintains a generally strong safety record, particularly in recent years, despite some notable incidents in its long history. The airline emphasizes its commitment to safety through adherence to international standards and a focus on modern fleet maintenance.

Turkish Airlines has experienced a total of 19 major accidents since its founding in 1933, resulting in 938 fatalities over a 90-year period. The most recent notable incident occurred in 2019 when a plane suffered a nose gear collapse during landing in severe wind conditions in Ukraine; all passengers and crew deplaned without injuries. While minor incidents such as bird strikes and turbulence are reported annually, these are exceptionally rare given the millions of flights operated each year. The last hijacking attempt on a Turkish Airlines flight was in 2011.

The airline holds the IOSA (IATA Operational Safety Audit) certification, a globally recognized benchmark for airline operational safety management. Turkish Airlines has also been recognized for its health and safety measures, achieving the "Diamond" standard in the health and safety category during an assessment by the Airline Passenger Experience Association (APEX) and SimpliFlying, particularly for its comprehensive hygiene protocols implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Turkish Airlines operates a comparatively young fleet, with an average age of approximately 7.5 years as of 2021, which contributes to fuel efficiency and reduced environmental impact. The airline has a strong reputation for maintenance, having established a state-of-the-art technical center at Yeşilköy Airport in 1984 capable of both light and heavy maintenance on various aircraft types.

Based on available data, Turkish Airlines is assessed as a safe airline, especially considering the vast number of passengers it transports and the extensive network it operates globally. The airline has received safety-related accolades, including the prestigious 'World Class' award from APEX for four consecutive years, which evaluates performance in categories such as Safety & Well-Being, Service-Guest Experience, and Sustainability.

Compiled by AirportRoutes.com • Updated 2 months ago

Route Network Map

Click on any airport to see its routes

Most Popular Routes

DLM → IST
Dalaman International Airport → Istanbul Airport
315 miles
547 flights
A21N
530 flights
A321
404 flights
A359
TZX → IST
Trabzon International Airport → Istanbul Airport
576 miles
401 flights
A320
311 flights
A21N
ASR → IST
Kayseri Erkilet Airport → Istanbul Airport
398 miles
279 flights
A321
SZF → IST
Samsun-Çarşamba Airport → Istanbul Airport
408 miles
250 flights
A321
AYT → IST
Antalya International Airport → Istanbul Airport
321 miles
245 flights
B77W
TBS → IST
Tbilisi International Airport → Istanbul Airport
840 miles
240 flights
A21N
232 flights
A21N

Top Destinations

IST (LTFM)
Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
14231 flights
271 routes
SAW (LTFJ)
Istanbul Sabiha Gokcen Int'l
Istanbul
1840 flights
73 routes
ESB (LTAC)
Ankara Esenboğa Havalimanı Int'l
Ankara
1690 flights
58 routes
ECN (LCEN)
Ercan Int'l
Nicosia
338 flights
6 routes
ADB (LTBJ)
İzmir Adnan Menderes Int'l
İzmir
235 flights
6 routes
AYT (LTAI)
Antalya
Antalya
200 flights
7 routes
OUA (DFFD)
Ouagadougou
Ouagadougou
162 flights
4 routes
COV (LTDB)
Çukurova
Tarsus
160 flights
6 routes
VKO (UUWW)
Vnukovo
Moscow
145 flights
4 routes
DIY (LTCC)
Diyarbakir
Diyarbakir
121 flights
7 routes

Top Origin Airports

IST (LTFM)
İstanbul Airport
Arnavutköy, Istanbul
3511 flights
262 routes
ESB (LTAC)
Esenboğa International Airport
Ankara
955 flights
60 routes
ADB (LTBJ)
Adnan Menderes International Airport
Gaziemir
876 flights
8 routes
SAW (LTFJ)
Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen International Airport
Pendik, Istanbul
862 flights
78 routes
DLM (LTBS)
Dalaman International Airport
Dalaman
834 flights
5 routes
TZX (LTCG)
Trabzon International Airport
Trabzon
705 flights
8 routes
COV (LTDB)
Çukurova International Airport
Tarsus
658 flights
8 routes
AYT (LTAI)
Antalya International Airport
Antalya
473 flights
7 routes
GZT (LTAJ)
Gaziantep International Airport
Gaziantep
463 flights
5 routes
RZV (LTFO)
Rize–Artvin Airport
Rize
425 flights
5 routes

Top Border Crossing Flights

IST (LTFM)
İstanbul Airport
Istanbul, TR
14231 flights
271 routes
SAW (LTFJ)
Istanbul Sabiha Gökçen International Airport
Istanbul, TR
1840 flights
73 routes
ESB (LTAC)
Esenboğa International Airport
Ankara, TR
1690 flights
58 routes
ECN (LCEN)
Nicosia (Lefkoşa) Ercan International Airport
Nicosia, CY
338 flights
6 routes
ADB (LTBJ)
Adnan Menderes International Airport
İzmir, TR
235 flights
6 routes
AYT (LTAI)
Antalya International Airport
Antalya, TR
200 flights
7 routes
OUA (DFFD)
Ouagadougou Airport
Ouagadougou, BF
162 flights
4 routes
COV (LTDB)
Çukurova International Airport
Tarsus, TR
160 flights
6 routes

Longest Routes

IST → MEX
İstanbul Airport → Lic. Benito Juarez Int'l
7085 mi
IST → LAX
İstanbul Airport → Los Angeles Intl
6889 mi
LAX → IST
Los Angeles International Airport → Istanbul Airport
6844 mi
PTY → IST
Tocumen International Airport → Istanbul Airport
6787 mi
SFO → IST
San Francisco International Airport → Istanbul Airport
6771 mi

Shortest Routes

GNJ → NAJ
Ganja International Airport → Nakhichevan
116 mi
NSI → DLA
Yaoundé Nsimalen International Airport → Douala Int'l
128 mi
DLA → NSI
Douala International Airport → Yaounde Nsimalen Int'l
128 mi
VAR → IST
Varna Airport → Istanbul Airport
144 mi
IST → VAR
İstanbul Airport → Varna Int'l
144 mi

All Routes

997 Total Routes
Showing 25 most popular routes
Route Destination Flights Distance Aircraft Last Seen
DLM → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
547 315 mi A21N Jan 30, 2026
ADB → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
530 222 mi A321 Jan 30, 2026
COV → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
404 455 mi A359 Jan 30, 2026
TZX → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
401 576 mi A320 Jan 30, 2026
GZT → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
311 556 mi A21N Jan 30, 2026
ASR → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
279 398 mi A321 Jan 30, 2026
SZF → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
250 408 mi A321 Jan 30, 2026
AYT → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
245 321 mi B77W Jan 30, 2026
TBS → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
240 840 mi A21N Jan 30, 2026
GYD → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
232 1114 mi A21N Jan 30, 2026
RZV → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
226 630 mi B738 Jan 29, 2026
ESB → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
225 237 mi A321 Jan 30, 2026
LJU → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
222 790 mi A21N Jan 30, 2026
DIY → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
216 654 mi A320 Jan 30, 2026
EBL → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
213 891 mi A310 Jan 30, 2026
TGD → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
212 494 mi B739 Jan 30, 2026
GZP → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
174 395 mi B738 Jan 29, 2026
ADB → ESB Ankara Esenboğa Havalimanı Int'l
Ankara
169 338 mi B38M Jan 30, 2026
OGU → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
161 487 mi A21N Jan 30, 2026
SSH → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
158 973 mi B738 Jan 29, 2026
VAR → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
155 144 mi B738 Jan 29, 2026
BUS → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
153 667 mi B738 Jan 30, 2026
TZX → ESB Ankara Esenboğa Havalimanı Int'l
Ankara
150 362 mi B738 Jan 30, 2026
STR → IST Istanbul Airport
Istanbul
148 1079 mi A321 Jan 29, 2026
IST → ECN Ercan Int'l
Nicosia
146 495 mi B738 Jan 28, 2026
Data Information:

Airline statistics are based on flight route observations collected from FlightAware AeroAPI and other sources. Flight counts represent observed operations, not scheduled frequencies. Route data is continuously updated as new flight information becomes available.

Data Freshness: Real-time
Last Update: Jan 30, 2026 22:03
Coverage: Observed routes only